The development of Marxism from Hegel to Althusser.

MEG – 05: Literary Criticism & Theory

ASSIGNMENT 2019 - 2020

                                                                          Max. Marks: 100

4. Trace the development of Marxism from Hegel to Althusser.

Answer.: The post-war years in France saw a great swing towards Marxism. After the defeat of Germany the reactionary governments of country after country collapsed and were swept aside. Everywhere socialism was on the ascendant. In Western Europe too the tide of socialist thought flowed strongly and there was a great upsurge of Marxist writings. This was greatly influenced by the philosophical theories of those central-European Marxists who had rediscovered the Hegelian basis of M arx’s thought, notably Lukacs and Korsch. The hitherto unknown texts of the M arx of 1844 which had first appeared in the thirties but were lost sight of during the W ar were being translated and eagerly read and studied. Such works as Sartre’s Existential Marxism became popular with its emphasis on commitment as the realisation of the “authentic” person. M ounier’s “personalism” represented a parallel movement of a humanist kind which found support in the notion of alienation, which Lukacs emphasised as part of the essential Hegelianism of Marx.

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